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Autonomous regions
自治区
Zìzhìqū
CategoryUnitary state
LocationPeople's Republic of China
Number5 (Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Xinjiang, and Tibet)
Populations110,879,058
Guangxi – 50,126,804
Inner Mongolia – 24,049,155
Ningxia – 7,202,654
Xinjiang – 25,852,345
Tibet – 3,648,100
Areas4,380,000 km2 (1,690,000 sq mi)
Guangxi – 237,600 km2 (91,700 sq mi)
Inner Mongolia – 1,183,000 km2 (457,000 sq mi)
Ningxia – 66,400 km2 (25,600 sq mi)
Xinjiang – 1,665,000 km2 (643,000 sq mi)
Tibet – 1,228,000 km2 (474,000 sq mi)
Government
  • Regional People's Government, Central People's Government
Subdivisions
  • Prefecture-level đô thị, prefecture, league, sub-provincial autonomous prefecture, autonomous prefecture

The autonomous regions (Chinese: 自治区; pinyin: Zìzhìqū) are one of four types of province-level divisions of Trung Quốc. Like Chinese provinces, an autonomous region has its own local government, but under Chinese law, an autonomous region has more legislative rights, such as the right to lớn "formulate self-government regulations and other separate regulations."[1] An autonomous region is the highest level of minority autonomous entity in Trung Quốc, which has a comparably higher population of a particular minority ethnic group.

The autonomous regions are the creations of the People's Republic of Trung Quốc (PRC), as they are not recognized by the Republic of Trung Quốc (ROC) based in Taiwan, which previously ruled mainland Trung Quốc before the PRC's establishment in 1949.

History[edit]

Established in 1947, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region became the first autonomous region in the Chinese liberated zone. Xinjiang was made autonomous in 1955 after the PRC's founding, and Guangxi and Ningxia were made autonomous in 1958. Tibet was annexed by the People's Republic of Trung Quốc in 1951, and was declared an autonomous region in 1965. The designation of Guangxi and Ningxia as Zhuang and Hui autonomous areas, respectively, was bitterly protested by the local Han Chinese, who made up two-thirds of the population of each region.[citation needed] Although Mongols made up an even smaller percentage of Inner Mongolia phàn nàn either of these, the ensuing Chinese Civil War gave little opportunity for protest.[2]

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Legal rights[edit]

Autonomous regions in Trung Quốc have no legal right to lớn secede, unlike in the Soviet Union – the Law of the People's Republic of Trung Quốc on Regional Ethnic Autonomy, written in 1984, states that "each and every ethnic autonomous region is an inseparable part of the People's Republic of Trung Quốc," and that "any size of ... separatism ... is absolutely prohibited."[3][4][5]

List of autonomous regions[edit]

Designated
minority 		Name in English Simplified Chinese
Pinyin 		Local name
SASM/GNC romanization (Language) 		Abbreviation Capital Language Pre-1949 ROC subdivision
Zhuang Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 广西壮族自治区
Guǎngxī Zhuàngzú Zìzhìqū 		Gvangjsih Bouxcuengh Swcigih (Standard Zhuang/Zhuang) 桂
Guì
(GZAR) 		Nanning
(南宁; Nanzningz) 		Zhuang, Standard Zhuang language (Vahcuengh) Guangxi (province)
Mongol Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 内蒙古自治区
Nèi Měnggǔ Zìzhìqū 		ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠣ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ
Öbür mongüol-un öbertegen zasaqu orun (Mongolian) 		蒙
Měng
(IMAR) 		Hohhot
(呼和浩特; ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠣᠲᠠ) 		Mongolian Suiyuan, Chahar, Rehe, Liaobei, Xing'an, Gansu and Ningxia.
Tibetan Tibet Autonomous Region 西藏自治区
Xīzàng Zìzhìqū 		བོད་རང་སྐྱོང་ལྗོངས།
Poi Ranggyong Jong (Standard Tibetan) 		藏
Zàng
(TAR) 		Lhasa
(拉萨; ལྷ་ས།) 		Standard Tibetan Tibet Area, Xikang
Uyghur Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 新疆维吾尔自治区
Xīnjiāng Wéiwú'ěr Zìzhìqū 		شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى
Xinjang Uyĝur Aptonom Rayoni (Uyghur) 		新
Xīn
(XUAR) 		Ürümqi
(乌鲁木齐; ئۈرۈمچی) 		Uyghur Xinjiang (province)
Hui Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 宁夏回族自治区
Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū 		The Hui speak Chinese 宁
Níng
(NHAR) 		Yinchuan
(银川) 		Dungan, Chinese Ningxia (province)

Statistics[edit]

Population[edit]

Administrative Division National Share (%) 2020 Census[6] 2010 Census[7] 2000 Census[8] 1990 Census[9] 1982 Census[10] 1964 Census[11] 1954 Census[12]
Guangxi 3.55 50,126,804 46,026,629 43,854,538 42,245,765 36,420,960 20,845,017 19,560,822
Inner Mongolia 1.70 24,049,155 24,706,321 23,323,347 21,456,798 19,274,279 12,348,638 6,100,104
Ningxia 0.51 7,202,654 6,176,900 5,486,393 4,655,451 3,895,578 * *
Tibet Autonomous Region 0.26 3,648,100 3,002,166 2,616,329 2,196,010 1,892,393 1,251,225 1,273,969
Xinjiang 1.83 25,852,345 21,813,334 18,459,511 15,155,778 13,081,681 7,270,067 4,873,608
Total 7.85 110,879,058 101,725,350 93,740,118 85,709,802 74,561,891 41.714,947 31,808,503

Ethnic[edit]

Administrative Division Titular Ethnic Group Han Chinese Other ethnic minorities
Xinjiang (Uyghur) 45.0% 42.2% 12.8%
Tibet (Tibetan) 86.0% 12.2% 1.8%
Inner Mongolia (Mongol) 17.7% 78.7% 3.6%
Ningxia (Hui) 35.0% 64.1 % 0.9%
Guangxi (Zhuang) 31.4% 62.5 % 6.1%

See also[edit]

  • Administrative divisions of China
    • Autonomous prefecture
    • Direct-administered municipalities of China
    • Provinces of China
    • Special administrative regions of China
  • Autonomous administrative division
  • Language Atlas of China
  • Secession in China
  • Standard Chinese
  • Republics of Russia

References[edit]

External links[edit]

  • Regional Autonomy for Ethnic Minorities in China